Example Concept: Offline caching typically involves storing API responses in a local database or file system when the device is online. When offline, the app retrieves data from this local cache. This approach can be enhanced by implementing a cache expiration policy, ensuring data freshness, and using background synchronization to update the cache when connectivity is restored. Frameworks like Room (Android) and Core Data (iOS) provide built-in support for managing local databases, while libraries like Retrofit (Android) and Alamofire (iOS) can be configured to cache network responses.